Hyponatremia - Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders. Hyponatremia is decrease in serum sodium concentration 1. Eq/L caused by an excess of water relative to solute. Common causes include diuretic use, diarrhea, heart failure, liver disease, renal disease, and the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH). Clinical manifestations are primarily neurologic (due to an osmotic shift of water into brain cells causing edema), especially in acute hyponatremia, and include headache, confusion, and stupor; seizures and coma may occur. Diagnosis is by measuring serum sodium. Serum and urine electrolytes and osmolality and assessment of volume status help determine the cause. Treatment involves restricting water intake and promoting water loss, replacing any sodium deficit, and correcting the underlying disorder.(See also Water and Sodium Balance.). Severe hypokalemia is a level of less than 2.5 mEq/L. Diseases and Conditions - Disease and condition information from Mayo Clinic experts. Reprint Permissions. A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. Kidney International (KI) is the official journal of the International Society of Nephrology. Under the editorial leadership of Dr. Schlöndorff (USA), KI.Follow your doctor’s instructions regarding correction of hypokalemia. He may recommend you to take potassium supplements in the form of pill or IV. Home; Medical Topics. Cardiovascular Disorders; Clinical Pharmacology; Critical Care Medicine; Dental Disorders; Dermatologic Disorders; Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders. Technical Information. Proprietary Name and Dosage Form Trichotin Hair Regenesis 517mg Caplet. Scheduling Status S0. Pharmacological Classification Category D Medicine.
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